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The contraceptive pill and HRT may protect against cerebral aneurysm

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Women who develop cerebral aneurysms are less likely to have taken the oral contraceptive pill or hormone replacement therapy, suggesting taking oestrogen could have a protective effect, reveals research published in the Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.

Telemonitoring can improve overall survival of HF patients

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Two trials presented at the Heart Failure Congress 2011, organized by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (HFA of the ESC), will help to define the precise populations of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in whom telemedical management delivers benefits. Both the TIM-HF and TEHAF studies - presented in Late Breaking Session 1 - revealed that telemonitoring showed significant benefits in defined subgroups of patients. The results, which will be used to help in the design of future trials, come after the overall results from both trials demonstrated no statistical benefit for telemonitoring.

Treating children's eye infections without surgery

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Researchers from Hasbro Children's Hospital in Providence, R.I., report that medical management may be preferred over surgery for children with orbital cellulitis, an acute infection of the tissues surrounding the eye. They have determined the criteria for surgical intervention should be dependent upon the size of a subperiosteal abscess (SPA). The research is published in the journal Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery and is now available online in advance of print.

Medical management alone may be best treatment course for stroke prevention

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Patients with narrowed arteries in the brain who received intensive medical treatment had fewer strokes and deaths than patients who received a brain stent in addition to medical treatment, according to the initial results from the first, nationwide stroke prevention trial to compare the two treatment options. The results of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) study called Stenting versus Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis (SAMMPRIS) are published in the online first edition of the New England Journal of Medicine.

Weight-loss clinic drop-out rates are a huge barrier to treating obesity

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More than 1.7 billion people worldwide may be classified as overweight and need appropriate medical or surgical treatment with the goal of sustainable weight loss. But for weight management programs to be effective, patients must complete them, states a study published in the Canadian Journal of Surgery (CJS) that analyzed drop-out rates and predictors of attrition within a publicly-funded adult weight management program.

Tai Chi shown to improve COPD exercise capacity

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Tai Chi can be used as an effective form of exercise therapy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to new findings.

A glimpse into neurosurgical risk prevention and the surgical checklist

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The November issue of Neurosurgical Focus is dedicated to lessening the number and severity of adverse events surrounding neurosurgical intervention for a variety of disorders. Guest editors Alexander Khalessi (University of California, San Diego), James Forrest Calland (University of Virginia), Gabriel Zada (University of Southern California), and Michael Y. Wang (University of Miami Health System) selected 16 articles on systems-based quality improvement for neurosurgical procedures.

Controlling vascular disease may be key to reducing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease

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Over the last 15 years, researchers have found a significant association between vascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes type 2, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. In a special issue of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, leading experts provide a comprehensive overview of the pathological, biochemical, and physiological processes that contribute to Alzheimer's disease risk and ways that may delay or reverse these age-related abnormalities.

'Walking on marbles' could be a thing of the past for arthritis patients

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Researchers at the University of Southampton are to undertake a new stage of a study aimed at improving the health and mobility of those suffering from the common complaint of 'walking on marbles' associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in the feet.

Mitral valve repair safe and effective for elderly patients once considered too high risk based on age alone

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(Medical Xpress)—Heart surgery to repair the mitral valve is safe and leads to a better quality of life for older patients long-suspected to be too high risk for the operation, according to new research from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.

Helping your child cope with a chronic medical condition

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Chronic illness takes a significant toll on children, but the psychological toll can often go overlooked. Children with chronic illness are twice as likely to have more emotional or behavioral challenges in comparison to healthy children.

More severe concussion symptoms lead to longer recovery time

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Most children who suffer from sports-related concussions recover within a few days. However, in a small number of children, symptoms can last for a month or more. Although there have been numerous theories as to what might predict a longer recovery time, there is no definitive answer as to why it takes some children longer to recover. In a new study scheduled for publication in The Journal of Pediatrics, researchers attempted to identify risk factors that might predispose some children with concussions to longer recovery times.

Study finds genetic risk factor for knee osteoarthritis

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(Medical Xpress)—A newly published paper reports that individuals with radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) who had a specific pattern of gene variations in the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1RN), which is involved in controlling inflammation, were more likely to progress to severe disease than those without the gene variations.

Not really 'bath salts'—paper provides update on 'designer stimulants'

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The last few years have seen the emergence of a new drug problem in so-called "bath salts"—actually "designer stimulants," packaged and sold in ways that skirt drug laws. A review and update on these designer drugs is presented in the June Journal of Addiction Medicine, the official journal of the American Society of Addiction Medicine.

Blood transfusions in cardiac surgery may up infections

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(HealthDay)—Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) during or after surgery may increase the risk of major infections, such as pneumonia and bloodstream infections, according to research published in the June issue of the Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

Vertebral augmentation for spinal fractures offers greater patient survival and overall cost savings

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A study of 69,000 Medicare patient records led by Johns Hopkins researchers shows that people with spine compression fractures who undergo operations to strengthen back bones with cement survive longer and have shorter overall hospital stays than those who stick with bed rest, pain control and physical therapy.

Access to electronic health records may influence care

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Unlike medical records kept in paper charts, electronic health records (EHR) provide numerous access points to clinicians to review a patient's medical history. A new study has found access to electronic health records in acute care situations may influence the care given to that patient, and in some cases, failure to review the EHR could have adversely affected the medical management.

Multidisciplinary approach benefits provoked vestibulodynia

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(HealthDay)—For women with provoked vestibulodynia (PVD), a multidisciplinary vulvodynia program (MVP) integrating psychological skills training, pelvic floor therapy, and medical management is associated with improvements in dyspareunia and sexual functioning, according to a study published online Oct. 30 in the Journal of Sexual Medicine.

Surgery or medical Tx for cervical epidural abscesses?

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(HealthDay)—At one medical center, early operative management of cervical spine epidural abscess (CSEA) appeared to offer the benefit of improved neurologic outcome, according to research published in the Jan. 1 issue of The Spine Journal.

Development of a therapeutic algorithm for optimal nosebleed management

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Approximately 60 percent of people experience epistaxis, commonly known as nosebleed, at least once in their lifetime. Of those who experience nosebleed, six percent require medical treatment. A study in the September 2013 issue of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, explores which nosebleed treatment options demonstrate the best outcomes.
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